2b. Vacunación contra virus Influenza

* Vacuna trivalente: En mayores de 2 años se considera efectiva 39 En niños de 6 a 30 meses se documenta que la vacunación de la gripe durante la estación invernal conlleva una reducción de los episodios de OM aguda y de la inserción de tubos de timpanostomía como resultado secundario 40

* Vacuna intranasal: se considera una opción válida para prevenir la otitis media aguda (OMA) recurrente 41

3. Profilaxis antibiótica: Ninguna antibioterapia profiláctica es recomendada de forma rutinaria, ya que no se han documentado como eficaces en la prevención de la necesidad de inserción de tubos de timpanostomía ni en la prevención de la hipoacusia. Sin embargo, sí que se ha visto que están relacionadas con el riesgo de adquirir organismos resistentes.

* Amoxicilina (20 mg/ Kg/ día en una dosis) en niños con otitis media aguda (OMA) recurrente de 2 a 6 meses o durante los episodios inflamatorios de vías altas. Disminuye la frecuencia de otitis media aguda (OMA) del 40 al 50%, pero no elimina su recurrencia.
* Ciclo corto de Penicilina V en los cuadros de rinofaringitis 42
* Amoxicilina-Clavulánico en niños con otitis media aguda (OMA) recurrente y en infecciones víricas de vías altas 43
* Azitromicina.

Aviso a pacientes o familiares:

La información de este sitio está dirigida a profesionales de atención primaria. Su contenido no debe usarse para diagnosticar o tratar problema alguno. Si tiene o sospecha la existencia de un problema de salud, imprima este documento y consulte a su médico de cabecera.

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